نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار پژوهشگاه مطالعات آموزش و پرورش، سازمان پژوهش و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف محقق بررسی فلسفة آموزشی برنامه درسی مدارس والدورف است تا از این طریق، توصیه‌هایی برای برنامه‌ریزان درسی ایران ارائه شود. روش تحقیق توصیفی و ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها اسنادی است که در کتابخانة دانشگاه مونیخ، مدرسة والدورف مونیخ و سایت‌های اینترنتی مرتبط در دسترس بوده است. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که برنامة درسی مدارس والدورف از چهار مؤلفة هدف، محتوا، روش و ارزشیابی به روشی خلاق و آزاد بهره گرفته است. بر اساس فلسفة آموزشی این مدارس به دلیل تفاوت‌های فردی، نمی‌توان همه را یکسان آموزش داد. آموزش باید همراه با عمل و تجربه باشد. کودکان باید مطالب آموختنی را با رغبت انتخاب کنند تا معلمان آنها را به دانش‌آموزان بیاموزند. برای یادگیری مطالب درسی، همه چیز در فضای باز و به شکل کار و بازی ارائه می‌شود. دانش‌آموزان مطالب را برای اخذ نمره یاد نمی‌گیرند. معلمان این مدارس، راهنما و مشاور کودکان هستند و تمام تلاششان بر این است که دانش‌آموزان، زندگی واقعی و بزرگسالی را تجربه کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Foundations and elements of the curriculum in Waldorf schools in Germany
نویسنده [English]
- hossein ghasempour moghaddam
Assistant Professor, Institute of Educational research, Organization of research and educational planning, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The purpose of research is to study the educational philosophy of the school curriculum, recommendations for curriculum planners and administrators of educational institutions Iran. Descriptive research methodology and data collection documents the Munich University Library and Internet sites related to the topic of research is available to the researcher. Based on the educational philosophy of this school is due to individual differences, cannot be taught all the same. Children must be accompanied by practical training and experience to learn the basics of a seasoned act. For this purpose it is necessary to consider the child's upbringing consolidated body and spirit. The four major components of the Waldorf school curriculum aims, content, method and assessment used are free and creative way. Children should learn their subjects willingly choose to teachers to teach students. Learning material, everything is open and it is work and play. Students learn to get intrinsic and the person does not remember anything. Most of the students who compete together and learn together and learn to work together. Teachers in these schools are helpers and advisors, and all the efforts that the students experience real life and adult.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Curriculum
- Program Foundations
- Program Elements
- Waldorf School
- Rudolf Steiner
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